{"id":3660,"date":"2021-05-21T11:29:51","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T08:29:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/terveelukeskus.ee\/?p=3660"},"modified":"2024-04-26T11:32:04","modified_gmt":"2024-04-26T08:32:04","slug":"dopamins","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/terveelukeskus.ee\/lv\/dopamins\/","title":{"rendered":"Dopam\u012bns \u2013 laime vai atkar\u012bba?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ikviens, kur\u0161 ir m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jis atbr\u012bvoties no slikta ieraduma, zina, cik gr\u016bti tas var b\u016bt un cik viegli ir paklupt un atgriezties. Ta\u010du gr\u016bti ne vienm\u0113r noz\u012bm\u0113 neiesp\u0113jami vai nesasniedzami. Parun\u0101sim par dopam\u012bnu.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Lai gan ir iesp\u0113jams atbr\u012bvoties no koka\u012bna vai hero\u012bna atkar\u012bbas, nav v\u0113rts padoties leg\u0101l\u0101m atkar\u012bbu izraiso\u0161\u0101m viel\u0101m, piem\u0113ram, alkoholam un cukuram, vai atkar\u012bbu izraiso\u0161\u0101m aktivit\u0101t\u0113m, piem\u0113ram, nevesel\u012bgam seksam, soci\u0101lo mediju vai viedt\u0101lru\u0146u atkar\u012bbai.<\/span><\/p>\n

SATURA R\u0100D\u012aT\u0100JS
\n<\/span> K\u0101 atpaz\u012bt atkar\u012bbu?<\/a>
\n<\/span> Kas ir dopam\u012bns?<\/a>
\n<\/span> Front\u0101l\u0101 daiva un dopam\u012bns<\/a>
\n<\/span> Dopam\u012bns p\u0101rtik\u0101<\/a>
\n<\/span> Dopam\u012bna ietekme uz smadzen\u0113m<\/a>
\n<\/span> Izk\u013c\u016b\u0161ana no cikla<\/a>
\n<\/span> 5 p\u0101rmai\u0146u posmi<\/a>
\n<\/span> Atbalsta sist\u0113ma ir pan\u0101kumu atsl\u0113ga<\/a><\/div>\n

K\u0101 atpaz\u012bt atkar\u012bbu?<\/h2>\n

Atkar\u012bba rodas agr\u0101k vai v\u0113l\u0101k, lietojot p\u0101rtiku, narkotikas, alkoholu un tabaku, bet var rasties jebkuras vielas vai aktivit\u0101tes rezult\u0101t\u0101, kas smadzen\u0113s rada pietiekami lielu dopam\u012bna uzliesmojumu.<\/p>\n

Da\u017eas atkar\u012bbas paz\u012bmes:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Sp\u0113c\u012bga v\u0113lme lietot vielu vai iesaist\u012bties aktivit\u0101t\u0113, kas sniedz prieku<\/li>\n
  2. Nepiecie\u0161am\u012bba p\u0113c arvien liel\u0101kiem daudzumiem<\/li>\n
  3. Atkar\u012bba (gr\u016bti aptur\u0113t vai atmest)<\/li>\n
  4. Augsta recid\u012bva varb\u016bt\u012bba<\/li>\n
  5. Negat\u012bva ietekme uz indiv\u012bdu un\/vai sabiedr\u012bbu<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Parasti probl\u0113mu pirmie pamana tuvinieki, nevis pats atkar\u012bgais. Atkar\u012bbu bie\u017ei pavada miega trauc\u0113jumi, iev\u0113rojams liekais vai nepietiekamais svars, aizkaitin\u0101m\u012bba, trauksme, nogurums, nesaprotami l\u0113mumi utt. Tom\u0113r, t\u0101 k\u0101 \u0161os simptomus var izrais\u012bt ar\u012b kaut kas cits, atkar\u012bgajam ir viegli maldin\u0101t sevi un citus.<\/p>\n

    Kas ir dopam\u012bns?<\/h2>\n

    Dopam\u012bns ir motiv\u0101cijas molekula<\/h3>\n

    \"dopam\u012bna<\/p>\n

    Kad m\u0113s saskaramies ar kait\u012bgu uzved\u012bbu, garast\u0101vok\u013ca trauc\u0113jumiem, atkar\u012bb\u0101m vai p\u0101r\u0113\u0161anos, m\u0113s nevaram tikt p\u0101ri dopam\u012bnam. Dopam\u012bns ir neirotransmiters, kas kas kontrol\u0113 m\u016bsu motiv\u0101ciju, emocijas, aktivit\u0101ti, asinsspiedienu, miegu, koncentr\u0113\u0161an\u0101s sp\u0113jas utt.<\/a>.
    \nDopam\u012bns ir da\u013ca no m\u016bsu smadze\u0146u limbisk\u0101s sist\u0113mas jeb, k\u0101 da\u017ei to m\u0113dz d\u0113v\u0113t, vecaj\u0101m smadzen\u0113m. Limbisk\u0101 sist\u0113ma ir saist\u012bta ar biolo\u0123isko vajadz\u012bbu un emociju apmierin\u0101\u0161anu. T\u0101 regul\u0113 garast\u0101vokli un gatav\u012bbu r\u012bc\u012bbai, emocijas, m\u0101c\u012b\u0161an\u0101s un atmi\u0146as procesus.<\/p>\n

    Dopam\u012bna loma \u0161aj\u0101 senaj\u0101 un vienk\u0101r\u0161aj\u0101 smadze\u0146u da\u013c\u0101 ir darboties k\u0101 v\u0113stnesim. L\u012bdz ar to nosaukums \u2014 motiv\u0101cijas molekula. Citiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, cik motiv\u0113ti, akt\u012bvi vai k\u0101d\u0101 noska\u0146ojum\u0101 esam, liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir atkar\u012bgs no m\u016bsu dopam\u012bna l\u012bme\u0146a. Un, kas \u0161aj\u0101 kontekst\u0101 ir \u012bpa\u0161i svar\u012bgi, m\u0113s m\u0113dzam atk\u0101rtot t\u0101s darb\u012bbas, kas palielina m\u016bsu dopam\u012bna l\u012bmeni.<\/p>\n

    Dabiskas aktivit\u0101tes un vielas, kas palielina m\u016bsu dopam\u012bna l\u012bmeni un vada m\u016bsu r\u012bc\u012bbu, ir: \u0113diens, sekss, m\u012blest\u012bba, draudz\u012bba un kaut k\u0101 jauna apg\u016b\u0161ana. Ta\u010du papildus limbiskajai sist\u0113mai mums ir ar\u012b augst\u0101kas vai sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101kas smadze\u0146u da\u013cas. Viena no t\u0101m ir front\u0101l\u0101 daiva, kas kontrol\u0113 m\u016bsu pl\u0101no\u0161anas un l\u0113mumu pie\u0146em\u0161anas procesus.<\/p>\n

    Front\u0101l\u0101 daiva un dopam\u012bns<\/h2>\n

    Ide\u0101l\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 front\u0101lajai daivai vajadz\u0113tu kontrol\u0113t procesus, ta\u010du diem\u017e\u0113l tas ne vienm\u0113r t\u0101 ir. Slikti ieradumi var viegli izrais\u012bt to, ka limbisk\u0101 sist\u0113ma (vismaz da\u017e\u0101s zon\u0101s) p\u0101r\u0146em vad\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

    Piem\u0113ram, kad dopam\u012bns s\u016bta zi\u0146u, ka esam izsalku\u0161i un mums kaut kas j\u0101ap\u0113d, mums ir izv\u0113le. \u0160\u012b izv\u0113le ir o\u017eas daivas uzdevums. M\u0113s varam izlemt, vai \u0113d\u012bsim, kad \u0113d\u012bsim, ar ko \u0113d\u012bsim, kur \u0113d\u012bsim, ko \u0113d\u012bsim utt. Norm\u0101l\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b gal\u012bgais l\u0113mums j\u0101pie\u0146em front\u0101lajai daivai, nevis limbiskajai sist\u0113mai.<\/p>\n

    Lab\u0101kais veids, k\u0101 palielin\u0101t dopam\u012bna l\u012bmeni organism\u0101, ir vesel\u012bgi \u0113st, b\u016bt fiziski akt\u012bvam un r\u016bp\u0113ties par savu gar\u012bgo vesel\u012bbu, l\u016bdzoties vai medit\u0113jot. Bet, k\u0101 jau varat nojaust, ir ar\u012b citi veidi, k\u0101 palielin\u0101t dopam\u012bna l\u012bmeni.<\/p>\n

    Ac\u012bmredzot ir iesp\u0113jams \u0101tri pan\u0101kt dopam\u012bna piepl\u016bdumu, izmantojot \u0137\u012bmiskas atkar\u012bbu izraiso\u0161as vielas. Ta\u010du ir iesp\u0113jams ar\u012b p\u0101rsp\u012bl\u0113t ar \u0113rt\u0101k\u0101m un ikdienas aktivit\u0101t\u0113m, p\u0101rtiku un uzved\u012bbu.<\/p>\n

    Piem\u0113ram, dopam\u012bns rea\u0123\u0113 at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgi uz da\u017e\u0101diem p\u0101rtikas produktiem. \u0160okol\u0101des k\u016bka un sald\u0113jums izraisa sp\u0113c\u012bgu reakciju, bet broko\u013ci \u2013 ne. Tas pats attiecas uz izklaidi, seksu un m\u0101c\u012b\u0161anos.<\/p>\n

    Jo liel\u0101ks dopam\u012bna piepl\u016bdums, jo vair\u0101k m\u0113s to v\u0113lamies. Ja tam pieskait\u0101m pieejam\u012bbas aspektu, k\u013c\u016bst diezgan skaidrs, k\u0101p\u0113c m\u0113s m\u0113dzam iekrist noteiktos slazdos.<\/p>\n

    Dopam\u012bns p\u0101rtik\u0101<\/h2>\n

    Dopam\u012bns uzlabo garast\u0101vokli, pozit\u012bvi ietekm\u0113 gar\u012bgo vesel\u012bbu un palielina laimes saj\u016btu. Par laimi, tas var dopam\u012bns ar\u012b no p\u0101rtikas<\/a>Tiroz\u012bns ir aminosk\u0101be, ko organisms ra\u017eo dabiski. Dopam\u012bns tiek sintez\u0113ts no \u0161\u012bs aminosk\u0101bes un ir atrodams olbaltumviel\u0101m bag\u0101tos p\u0101rtikas produktos.<\/p>\n